David William Smith

Columbia Threadneedle Asset Managers Ltd. (CTAM) is an asset management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1990 as F&C Asset Managers Ltd. and renamed BMO Asset Managers Ltd. in 2018. They changed their name to Columbia Threadneedle Asset Managers Ltd. when BMO rebranded to Columbia Threadneedle Investments in 2022. The firm is a subsidiary of Columbia Threadneedle AM (Holdings) Plc, ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. CTAM manages a range of in-house and multi-manager funds for private individuals and institutional clients.

Janus Henderson Investors US LLC (JHIUS) is a registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Denver, Colorado. The firm was founded in 1969 and formerly known as Janus Capital Management LLC. They are a subsidiary of Janus Henderson US (Holdings) Inc., which is owned by Janus Henderson Group plc (NYSE: JHG, LON: 0RPW) in Great Britain. JHIUS provides investment management services, as an investment adviser or sub-adviser, to pooled investment vehicles.

Founded in 1991, Henderson Fund Management Ltd. is a subsidiary of Janus Henderson Group Plc. The company is based in London, UK. The British company manages and invests in companies.

Citigroup Global Markets Ltd. (CGML) is an international broker-dealer firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1983 and is a subsidiary of Citigroup Global Markets Holdings Bahamas Ltd., ultimately held by Citigroup, Inc. (NYSE: C) in the US. CGML has a major presence in the international financial markets as a dealer, market-maker and underwriter in equity and fixed income securities and offers risk-based solutions to producers and investors in commodity markets. They also provide corporate finance services to a wide range of corporate, institutional and government clients. Their trading activities encompass cash, exchange traded and OTC derivative markets.

Janus Henderson UK (Holdings) Ltd. provides investment banking and consulting services. The firm offers financial advisory services on insurance, pension, investment, and mortgage-related activities. It offers banking solutions and investment products to retail and institutional investment professionals. The company was founded on November 10, 1986 and is headquartered in London, the United Kingdom.

JPMorgan Asset Management (UK) Ltd. (JPMAM-UK) is the wholly owned, Great Britain-based investment arm of JPMorgan Asset Management International Ltd., ultimately held by JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NYSE: JPM) in the US. The firm was founded in 1974 and formerly known as JPMorgan Fleming Asset Management. They changed their name to JPMorgan Asset Management UK Ltd. in 2005. Headquartered in London, JPAM-UK provides investment advisory services to institutional clients, both US and non-US.

FIL Investment Advisors (UK) Ltd. (FIA UK) is a Great Britain-based fund management firm headquartered in Tadworth, Surrey. Founded in 1984, the firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of FIL Holdings (UK) Limited, which in turn is a wholly-owned subsidiary of FIL Ltd. in Bermuda. FIA UK provides a range of global investment products and services to institutional accounts, mutual funds and other pooled investment vehicles.

GAM London Ltd. is a mutual fund management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1966 and is a subsidiary of GAM (UK) Ltd., which is owned by GAM Holding AG (SWX: GAM; OTCMKTS: GMHLF) in Switzerland. GAM London provides a range of investment management services such as single manager funds, funds of hedge funds, discretionary portfolio management and structured investments, to private clients, charities, family offices, and institutional investors.

Insight Investment Management (Global) Ltd. (Insight) is the UK-based specialist asset management subsidiary of Insight Investment Management Ltd., ultimately held by The Bank of New York Mellon Corp. (NYSE: BK) in the US. Headquartered in London, the firm was founded in 1964 as an in-house asset manager for the insurance assets of HBOS, and was acquired by Bank of New York Mellon Corp. in 2009. The firm provides liability-driven investment solutions, fixed-income and alternative investments for a range of clients which includes pension funds, corporates, local authorities, insurers, sovereign wealth funds, wealth managers, financial institutions and individual investors. Insight is a founding signatory of the UN Principles for Responsible Investment (UNPRI).

The Institute of Chartered Accountants in England & Wales ensures that its members, students, and affiliates maintain the highest standards of professional competency and conduct to protect the public interest. The non-profit company is based in London, UK, and has subsidiaries in the United Kingdom. With over 150,000 members, the institute provides technical information, helplines, and communities to its members.

Mercer Ltd. is the Great Britain-based asset management subsidiary of MMC UK Group Ltd., ultimately held by Marsh & McLennan Cos., Inc. (NYSE: MMC) in the US. Headquartered in London, the firm was founded in 1970 and provides investment management services to individuals, institutional investor, non-profit/endowment, financial intermediary and family office.

Founded in 1934, Henderson Administration Ltd. is a part of Janus Henderson Group Plc and provides professional and management services. The company is based in London, UK.

GO Investment Partners LLP (GO) is the investment management subsidiary of Governance for Owners Holdings Ltd., which is owned by Go Investment Partners Group LLP in Great Britain. The firm was founded by Stephen Brown and Peter Butler in 2004 as Governance for Owners LLP. Headquartered in London, GO provides continuous and regular investment management services on a discretionary basis to private investment funds that they have organized. Funds may be structured as pooled vehicles with multiple investors or as single investor vehicles. GO is a signatory to the UN Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI) convention.

AlphaGen Capital Ltd. is the alternative investment subsidiary of Janus Henderson Group Plc (LSE, NYSE: JHG) in Great Britain. Formerly known as Henderson Alternative Investment Advisor Ltd., the firm was founded in 1969 and changed their name to AlphaGen Capital Ltd. in 2015. Headquartered in London, AlphaGen Capital provides investment advisory services to a range of individual and institutional investors.

Part of Janus Henderson Group Plc, Janus Henderson Fund Management UK Ltd. is a company that acts as an open-end investment fund/unit trust. Janus Henderson Fund Management UK Ltd. is based in London, UK. Founded in 1992.

Liberum Capital Ltd. (Liberum) is a brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded by Shane Le Prevost in 2007 to provide a different style of broking. They were acquired by Panmure Liberum Ltd. from TN Holdings (BVI) Ltd. in 2024. Headquartered in London, Liberum provides trading and execution services for institutional clients. They bring liquidity into the niches that matter and are market-makers in various large, mid and small-cap stocks.

Ignis Investment Services Ltd. (IIS) is the asset management subsidiary of Ignis Asset Management Ltd., ultimately held by abrdn Plc (LON: ABDN, ADR: SLFPY) in Great Britain. Headquartered in Edinburgh, the firm was formed following the 2008 merger of Resolution Asset Management and Axial Investment Management. They can trace their origins since 1986. IIS offered tailor-made and pooled solutions for small- to medium-sized pension schemes. Their clients include large corporate pension schemes, charities and life companies along with other strategic partners. They cater to UK retail, institutional and international clients.

Henderson Global Investors (Holdings) Ltd. provides investment management services. The company was founded in 1983 and is headquartered in London, the United Kingdom.

Henderson Global Investors (International Holdings) BV operates as a financial holding company with activities in the insurance sector. The company is headquartered in Amstedam, the Netherlands.

Part of Janus Henderson Group Plc, Henderson Holdings Group Ltd. provides investment management services. The company is based in London, UK and was founded in 2008.

CFA Society of the UK is an association of investment professionals based in the UK. The British company was founded in an unspecified year.

RWC Asset Management LLP (RWC) is the alternative asset management subsidiary of RWC Partners Ltd. in Great Britain. The firm was founded by John H. Innes in 2007 as MPC Asset Management LLP. Headquartered in London, RWC primarily provides discretionary investment advisory services to pooled investment vehicles as well as separately managed accounts.

Quilter Cheviot Ltd. is the investment management subsidiary of Quilter Cheviot Holdings Ltd., ultimately held by Quilter Plc (LON: QLT) in Great Britain. The firm was founded in 1985 as Quilter Goodison & Co. In 2013, they merged with Cheviot Asset Management Ltd. Headquartered in London, Quilter Cheviot provides bespoke investment portfolios for individuals and families for generations.

Nuveen Investment Management International Ltd. (NIMI) is the Great Britain-based investment management subsidiary of Nuveen FCACO Ltd., ultimately held by The Trustee For The Fu Family Trust in Australia. The firm was founded in 1987 and formerly known as Nuveen Real Estate Management Ltd. Headquartered in London, NIMI offers investment solutions across asset classes for a broad range of investors.

Part of Janus Henderson Group Plc, HGI (Investments) Ltd. is a British company that provides investment services. The company is based in London, UK and was founded in 2008.

Part of Janus Henderson Group Plc, Henderson Global Investors Asset Management Ltd. is a British company that functions as a national commercial bank. The company is based in London, UK. Founded in 1988.

Part of Janus Henderson Group Plc, Henderson Global Investors Geneva Finance Ltd. is an investment holding British company. The company is based in London, UK. It was founded in 2014.

Founded in 2012, Henderson Group Holdings Asset Management Ltd. is a subsidiary of Janus Henderson Group Plc and functions as an investment holding British company. The company is based in London, UK.

Part of Janus Henderson Group Plc, HGI Asset Management Group Ltd. is a holding company. The company is based in London, UK.

Part of Janus Henderson Group Plc, Henderson Global Group Ltd. is a holding Irish company that provides investment management services through its subsidiaries. The company is based in Dublin, Ireland.

Nuveen Real Estate Ltd. provides rela estate services. The company was founded on June 11, 2013 and is headquartered in London, the United Kingdom.

Moody's Investors Service Ltd. is the Great Britain-based investment research subsidiary of Moody's Corp. (NYSE: MCO) in the US. The firm was founded in 1985 under the name Rapidcredit Ltd. Headquartered in London, Moody's Investors Service provides credit ratings, research, and risk analysis. Credit ratings and research help investors analyze the credit risks associated with fixed-income securities. Such independent credit ratings and research also contribute to efficiencies in fixed-income markets and other obligations, such as insurance policies and derivative transactions, by providing credible and independent assessments of credit risk.