Emmanuel Coste

KBL Richelieu Gestion SA (KBLR) is the France-based fund management subsidiary of KBL Richelieu Banque Privée SA, ultimately owned by Precision Capital SA in Luxembourg. The firm was established in 2008 by the merger of KBL France Gestion SA, established in 1997, and Richelieu Finance Gestion Privée, founded in 1985. KBLR is headquartered in Paris with several offices throughout France. The firm manages the Æden and Richelieu families of mutual funds, as well as discretionary accounts for private individuals and institutional clients.

AXA Investment Managers (Paris) SA (AXA-IM Paris) is the wholly-owned asset management subsidiary of AXA Investment Managers SA, itself a subsidiary of AXA SA (XP: CS, ADR: AXAHY) in France. Headquartered in Puteaux, the firm traces their origins to 1994 when the AXA Group created the AXA Asset Management division. In 1997, the division was renamed AXA Investment Managers. AXA-IM Paris has a network of investment centers worldwide which cater to institutional investors, distributors and AXA Group insurance firms. They are a socially responsible investor which offers SRI funds and integrates ESG criteria into their investment processes.

Britannia Capital SA provides investment advice. The private company is based in Geneva, Switzerland. The Swiss company was founded in 2012. Laurent Perazzolo has been the CEO of the company since 2021.