Michael Hugo Niedzielski

Fidelity Management & Research Co. (FMR) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded in 1946 and is a subsidiary of FMR LLC, also known as Fidelity Investments. FMR provides investment supervisory services, which include sub-advisory services, to Fidelity's family of mutual funds and exchange-traded funds, qualified tuition programs, privately offered unregistered investment funds, separately managed account clients, and various other institutional accounts.

T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. (Price Associates) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Baltimore, Maryland. The firm was founded by Thomas Rowe Price, Jr. in 1937. They are a subsidiary of the T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. (NASDAQ: TROW), which was formed in 2000 as the publicly traded parent holding company of Price Associates and their affiliated entities. Price Associates offers a variety of mutual funds, sub-advisory services and separate account management for individual and institutional investors, retirement plans and financial intermediaries.

abrdn Investments Ltd. (aIL) is an asset management firm headquartered in Midlothian, UK. The firm was founded in 1987 and formerly known as Aberdeen Asset Managers Ltd. They are a wholly-owned subsidiary of abrdn Holdings Ltd., wholly-owned by abrdn Plc (LON: ABDN). aIL provides their clients with discretionary and non-discretionary asset management and related services across a broad range of investment strategies and asset classes. They also offer an alternative platform which encompasses multi-manager research, selection and portfolio management for hedge funds strategies.

Citigroup Global Markets, Inc. (Broker) (CGMI-Broker) is the broker/dealer division of Citigroup Global Markets, Inc., an investment bank headquartered in New York City with additional offices across the US. The firm was founded in 2004 and is a subsidiary of Citigroup Financial Products, Inc., ultimately held by Citigroup, Inc. (NYSE: C). CGMI-Broker covers all market capitalizations of the major global indices and provides macro and quantitative analysis of global markets and sector trends. Their core focus of the group is to help investing clients make informed decisions by providing value-added, independent, insightful analysis.

Schroder Investment Management Ltd. (SIM) is the wholly-owned asset management subsidiary of Schroder International Holdings Ltd., ultimately held by Great Britain-based Schroders Plc (LSE: SDR, ADR: SHNWY). Established in 1985, SIM is headquartered in London and caters to a range of clients such as corporations, insurance firms, local and public authorities, charities, pension funds, high net-worth individuals and retail investors.

Putnam Investment Management LLC (PIM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. Founded in 1971, the firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam US Holdings I LLC and became an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN) in 2024. PIM provides investment advice across all asset classes to individuals and institutions worldwide through separately managed accounts and pooled investment funds.

First Sentier Investors (UK) IM Ltd. (FSIIM) is the wholly-owned, Great Britain-based specialist asset management subsidiary of S.I. Holdings Ltd., ultimately held by Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Inc. (TYO: 8306) in Japan. Headquartered in Edinburgh, the firm was founded in 1970 and formerly known as First State Investment Management (UK) Ltd. FSIIM provides discretionary investment management and portfolio management services to a range of institutional clients and funds.

Goldman Sachs International (GSI) is the Great Britain-based, wholly-owned brokerage subsidiary of Goldman Sachs Group UK Ltd., ultimately held by The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (NYSE: GS) in the US. The firm was founded in 1988 and formerly known as Trushelfco Ltd. Headquartered in London, GSI provides prime brokerage, securities lending, futures services and financing services for a range of clients such as corporations, financial institutions, governments and high-net worth individuals.

UBS Asset Management (UK) Ltd. (UBS-UK) is the Great Britain-based investment subsidiary of UBS Asset Management Holdings Ltd., itself a subsidiary of UBS Group AG (SWX: UBSG, NYSE: UBS) in Switzerland. Founded in 1981 as Phillips & Drew Investment Management Ltd., the firm merged with UBS Asset Management in 2000 to form UBS Asset Management Ltd., which became UBS Global Asset Management (UK) Ltd. in 2002. They changed their name to UBS Asset Management (UK) Ltd. in 2015. Headquartered in London, UBS-UK provides asset management services to corporate and public pension plans, sovereign institutions, endowments and municipalities, charities, insurance companies, wholesale intermediaries, financial institutions, and private clients.

First Eagle Investment Management LLC (FEIM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and holding firm headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1864 and formerly known as Arnhold & S. Bleichroeder Advisers, Inc. They are a subsidiary of First Eagle Holdings, Inc., owned by BCP CC Holdings LP. FEIM provides investment advisory services mainly to mutual funds, private funds, collective investment trusts and institutional separately managed accounts (SMAs), and to a registered, closed-end interval fund. The firm serves as the investment adviser to the First Eagle Funds, First Eagle Variable Funds and to the First Eagle Credit Opportunities Fund, which are registered investment companies.

FIL Investment Advisors (UK) Ltd. (FIA UK) is a Great Britain-based fund management firm headquartered in Tadworth, Surrey. Founded in 1984, the firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of FIL Holdings (UK) Ltd., which in turn is a wholly-owned subsidiary of FIL Ltd. in Bermuda. FIA UK provides a range of global investment products and services to institutional accounts, mutual funds and other pooled investment vehicles.

Capital International Ltd. (Capital UK) is the Great Britain-based investment subsidiary of Capital Group International Inc., ultimately owned by The Capital Group Companies, Inc. in the US. The firm was founded in 1982 and does business as Capital Research & Management Co. (UK Branch). Headquartered in London, Capital UK provides discretionary investment management services to segregated institutional clients in the UK and across Europe.

Didner & Gerge Fonder AB (Didner & Gerge) is an independent fund management firm headquartered in Uppsala, Sweden. The firm was founded in 1994 by Henrik Didner and Adam Gerge and they manage the Didner & Gerge funds for individual and institutional investors.

Lansdowne Partners (UK) LLP (Lansdowne) is the alternative investment management subsidiary of Lansdowne Partners Ltd., itself a subsidiary of Lansdowne Partners International Ltd. in the Cayman Islands. The firm is headquartered in London and was founded in 1998. Lansdowne provides investment advisory services on a discretionary basis to their clients, which includes commingled investment vehicles intended for institutional investors and other sophisticated investors and investment vehicles formed for particular investors and separately managed accounts for sophisticated financial institutions, including registered investment companies. Lansdowne is a signatory to the United Nations Principles of Responsible Investing (UNPRI).

AllianceBernstein Ltd. (ABL) is the Great Britain-based, global investment management subsidiary of AllianceBernstein Preferred Ltd., ultimately held by Equitable Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: EQH) in the US. Headquartered in London, the firm was founded in 1990 by David Andrew Steyn. ABL provides investment management and research services to public and private sector institutional clients, retirement and pension funds, banks, insurance companies and high-net worth individuals. They offer a family of globally distributed mutual fund portfolios across all major investment disciplines. The firm is a signatory to the UN Principles of Responsible Investment (UNPRI) and integrates ESG issues into their investment processes.

Wellington Management International Ltd. (WMIL) is an investment firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1983 and is a subsidiary of Wellington Management Global Holdings Ltd., itself a subsidiary of Wellington Management Group LLP (Wellington Management) in the US. WMIL provides client liaison, investment monitoring and business development services for Wellington Management and its clients in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa (EMEA). The firm also provides research, portfolio management and trading services to Wellington Management and its clients.

Post Advisory Group LLC (Post) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Los Angeles, California with an additional office in New York City. The firm was founded by Larry Post in 1992 as MW Post Advisory Group. They are owned by Principal Global Investors Holding Company US LLC, ultimately held by Principal Financial Group, Inc. (NASDAQ: PFG). Post provides discretionary investment advisory services to a global client base of institutional investors.

BlueCrest Capital Management (UK) LLP (BCM-UK) is an independent, Great Britain-based alternative asset management firm headquartered in London. The firm was founded in 2009 by Michael Platt and Bill Reeves to manage their flagship fund, BlueCrest Capital International. In 2015, they transitioned to a Private Investment Partnership and returned client capital. BCM-UK currently manages assets solely on behalf of their partners and employees.

Barclays Capital Securities Ltd. (BCS) is the brokerage subsidiary of Barclays Bank plc, which is owned by Barclays Plc (LON: BARC), an international financial services group in Great Britain. The firm was founded in 1985 and is headquartered in London with offices worldwide. BCS provides prime brokerage services which include equities and fixed income financing, OTC Clearing, Futures and Foreign Exchange Prime Brokerage and access to industry insights and analytics.

Morgan Stanley & Co. International Plc (MSCI) is a brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a subsidiary of Morgan Stanley Investments (UK), ultimately held by Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) in the US. MSCI provides a range of brokerage services to corporations, governments and financial institutions.

GIC (London) Private Ltd. (GIC London) is a sovereign wealth manager headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1990 and is owned by GIC Pte Ltd., a sovereign wealth fund wholly owned by the Government of Singapore. GIC London manages the Government of Singapore’s reserves.

Payden & Rygel Global Ltd. is an investment management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1998 and is a subsidiary of Payden & Rygel in the US. Payden & Rygel Global offers a full array of investment strategies and products to a varied client base around the world.

BDL Capital Management SAS (BDL) is an independent asset management firm headquartered in Paris, France. The firm was founded in 2005 by three founding partners wholly own the company. BDL manages savings for institutional clients (insurance companies, pension funds, mutual insurance companies, etc.), private banks and asset management consultants.

Part of Fisher Investments, Inc., Fisher Investments (Europe) Ltd. is a British company that provides fund management services. The company is based in London, UK. Miles A. Standish has been the CEO of the company since 2007.

Observatory Capital Management LLP (Observatory Capital) is an independent alternative investment management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 2003 by Shazad Ghaffar and John Bishop. Observatory Capital manages the Observatory Credit Markets fund and a managed account for sophisticated clients.

FMR Investment Management (UK) Ltd. (FMRIM UK) is an investment management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 2006 and is a subsidiary of Fidelity Management & Research Co. LLC (FMR), itself a subsidiary of FMR LLC in the US. FMRIM UK provides investment advisory and portfolio management services as a sub-adviser to certain FMR clients, which includes investment companies in the Fidelity family of mutual funds.

Fidelity Management & Research (Hong Kong) Ltd. (FMR-HK) is the Hong Kong-based, wholly-owned investment management subsidiary of Fidelity Management & Research Co., Inc. (FMRC), the mutual fund management arm of FMR LLC, an American multinational financial services corporation headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. FMR-HK was founded in 2008 to provide research and investment advisory services for Fidelity mutual funds domiciled outside of the US. The firm sub-advises portfolios within mutual funds and investment trusts on behalf of FMRC.

AIG Asset Management (Europe) Ltd. (AAMEL) is a Great Britain-based asset management firm headquartered in London. The firm is a subsidiary of Corebridge Institutional Investments Holdings Corp., ultimately held by American International Group, Inc. (NYSE: AIG) in the US. AAMELL was founded in 2003 and offers innovative solutions to individual and institutional clients.

Schonfeld Strategic Advisors (UK) LLP (Schonfeld UK) is an investment management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 2018 and is a subsidiary of Schonfeld Strategic Advisors LLC in the US. Schonfeld UK provides portfolio management services to various investors.

Aikya Investment Management Ltd. is an independent, British employee-owned investment management company that specializes in managing Emerging Markets equity portfolios. The private company is based in London, UK, and has subsidiaries in the United States. The company's purpose is to generate compelling long-term returns by investing in sustainable businesses in Emerging Markets. Aikya Australia Unit Trust fund aims to achieve long-term capital growth by investing in equities in emerging market economies. The CEO of the company is Ashish Swarup.

Noria Gestion SASU (Noria) is a family owned investment firm founded by Christophe GUILLAUME and Céline GUILLAUME. in 2019. The firm is headquartered in Marcq en Baroeul.