Russell Shtern

Voya Investment Management LLC (Voya IM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. The firm was founded in 1997 and formerly known as ING Investment Management LLC. They are a wholly owned subsidiary of VIM Holdings LLC, which is ultimately owned by Voya Financial, Inc. (NYSE: VOYA), formerly known as ING U.S. Inc. Voya IM primarily provides portfolio management services to affiliated and unaffiliated insurance companies utilizing a variety of investment styles. The firm also advises other insurance-related entities (e.g., reinsurance companies) as well as various types of institutional investors, such as pension plans, with respect to certain investment strategies.

Voya Investment Management Co. LLC (Voya IM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in New York City. Formerly known as ING Investment Management Co. LLC, the firm was founded in 1972 under the name of Aetna Capital Management, Inc. They are a wholly-owned subsidiary of Voya Investment Management LLC, ultimately held by Voya Financial, Inc. (NYSE: VOYA). Voya IM manages assets for institutions, financial intermediaries and individual investors. The firm serves as adviser or sub-adviser to many investment vehicles.

Franklin Advisers, Inc. is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in San Mateo, California. The firm was founded in 1985 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN), a holding company that, together with its various subsidiaries, is referred to as Franklin Templeton Investments. Franklin Advisers provides investment advisory and portfolio management services to US and non-US, registered open-end and closed-end funds and unregistered funds, as well as separate accounts.

Founded in 1969, QS Batterymarch Financial Management, Inc. is a registered investment advisor located in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm is a wholly-owned, independently managed subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc. (NYSE: LM). They provide investment advisory and sub-advisory services to a wide variety of institutional investors. Legg Mason, Inc.'s acquisition of QS Investors LLC was effective May 30, 2014. As a result, QS Investors, Batterymarch Financial Management, Inc. and Legg Mason Global Asset Allocation LLC became subject to common management and investment oversight, with the objective of integrating the firms to create a combined investment platform offering solutions, quantitative equity, liquid alternatives and multi-manager asset allocation.

QS Legg Mason Global Asset Allocation LLC is a registered investment advisor located in New York City. The firm is a subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc. (NYSE: LM). Legg Mason, Inc.'s acquisition of QS Investors LLC was effective May 30, 2014. As a result, QS Investors LLC, Batterymarch Financial Management, Inc. and Legg Mason Global Asset Allocation LLC became subject to common management and investment oversight, with the objective of integrating the firms to create a combined investment platform offering solutions, quantitative equity, liquid alternatives and multi-manager asset allocation. The firm's primary business is providing asset allocation and manager or fund selection advisory services to a variety of clients with multi-asset class portfolios. Such clients include or are expected to include U.S. registered investment companies, investment funds domiciled and registered in non-U.S. jurisdictions, and other institutional clients such as pension plans, Section 529 college savings plans, state and local governmental entities, endowments, foundations, corporations, trusts and other business entities. Each such client typically is structured as a fund-of-funds or manager-of-managers arrangement. Asset allocation and manager or fund selection advisory services may be provided by QS Legg Mason on either a discretionary or non-discretionary basis.

DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. (DIMA) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1984 and formerly known as Deutsche Investment Management Americas Inc. In 2018, they changed their name to DWS as part of the rebranding of Deutsche Asset Management. They are a subsidiary of DWS USA Corp., ultimately held by Deutsche Bank AG (ETR: DBK) in Germany. DIMA provides discretionary and non-discretionary investment advisory services to various institutional clients. They also provide investment advisory services for their municipal bond strategies through wrap fee programs.

QS Investors LLC (QSI) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded and formed in August 2010 through an MBO of the Quantitative Strategies Group within DB Advisors, the institutional asset management division of Deutsche Asset Management. QSI is a wholly-owned subsidiary of QS Investors Holdings LLC, ultimately owned by Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). The firm provides investment advisory and sub-advisory services to a diverse array of institutional and retail clients and funds.